Preheater



Aug. 2i, 1923. v 1,465,797

y R. W. wzEDERwAx PREHEATER Filed July 25. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 www' R. W. WIEDERWAX PREHEATER Filed July 25. 1921 s sheets-sham. 2

gnomi T01 Nawal/m airv inlet openings of theburner.

Patented Aug. 21, 1923.

UNI-ITED STATES.

m esi-ICE'.

ROBERT wALToN WIIupERvznX,- or 'ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY, AssIeNoE, BY DIRECT AND` MEsN-EAssIeNMENTs, ATo GEIsT MANUFACTURING COMPANY, lor

ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CoRroEaTIoNor DELAWARE. 'y

PEEHEATEE.

Application filed 511151,25, 1921. sei-iai No.:4s7,534

To a-ZZ whom'z't may concern.'

.Be it known that I, ROBERT I/V. VIEDEii.

WAX, a citizen of the United States, residing at Atlantic City, in the county of Atlantic and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pre#V heater/s, of which the following is a speciiicatio v f This invention relates to preheaters, and is an improvement over 'the construction shown Vin my prior Patent, No. 1,338,472', patented April 27, 1920. 4,

In theV present invention,v I employ an improved type of` burner projecting within a casing having. a closedbottomgand closed sides and provided with ay grid forming a top. The casting or other object to be heated, is placed on the grids and covered, and the topof the preheater around the casting is covered whereby air may enter the interior of thepreheater casing only through the y I have found, that where the introduction of air is limited to the air openingsk in the burner, the use of anlass of refractory aggregates, and like materials entirely filling the pre-I. heater casing, is vunnecessary and thenecessary high ydegree of heat may be obtained through the use of asingle layer of aggregates. .Y 1

In prior constructions of liquid, fuel burners wherein a vaporizing retort surrounds vthe burner, it has been the usual practiceto employ aretort kformed of a pair of spaced walls extending froma point'in the rear of the burner outlet to the front of the `cornbustion chamber. The provision of a -va-` porizing space extending rearwardly the entire length or substantially the entire length of the combustion chamber is-dis; advantageous in that the oil passing `through the` retort is. not entirely vsubjected to a temperature sufliciently high to vaporizey The temperature Vat vthe rear ofthe combustion chamber, adjacent'the air inlet, is considerably lower than the fiaslrpoint of the oil with the result that oil passing through this portion of the chamber is only partially vaporized causing carbondeposits within the combustion chamber when the improperly vaporized oil is burned. The provision of a retort that does not properly vaporize the oil also leads to variations in `pressurein the oil system which is further disadvantageou-s. l A

In the present invention, I employ a burnerisurrounded by a casing forming a combustion chamber, the rear ofthe casing beingopen to Y permit Vintroduction :of air. The front of the casing is reduced in cross lsection and the vaporizing retort is formed within the walls ofthe reduced portion.I This reduced portion-is vso designed that the flame from the burner will strike the walls of the combustion chamber at the rear end ofv the reduced portion whereby the entire vaporizing retort is sub-ject to a high temper-v ature and the oil properly vaporized. The section ofthe wall of the combustion chamf ber beyond the vaporizing retort'ismaintained cool at all 'times by the passageof Y air ,and the absence of heated oil therein, reducing carbon'depositsto aminimum.v In the accompanying drawings, I have shown one .embodimentiof the invention.' In this showing: y f Figurefl is a front elevation of the preheater, y y i c 1 Figure` 2V is a vertical sectional view on line 2 2 of Figure 1, y

f Figure 3 is a detail longitudinal'sectional view through one oftheburners, y y

Figure 4 is avertical transverse sectional view on lin'e H of Figurevp.

Figure 5 is a central horizontal sectional view thereof, i n y Figure 6 isa vertical transverse sectional view of a portion of the preheater casing, and, j K. y ,Figure 7 is apla-n view of aportion of the preheater casing, with the grid removed; f.

'Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral 1y designates the side walls ofthe preheater casing, supported `on suitable legs A or supports 2. As shown, the walls are formed of'metal or othersuitable material, f

and vprovided with upper and lower flanges B for the reception'L of suitable heat insulatf ingbricls orblocks 4. The casing isfprovided with a closed `bottom 5, anda plurality :of transverse-bars or strips are arof burners may be employed, each of the 4 burners comprising an outer casing 7 torming they combustion chamber. Y The forward vendoffthe casing is reduced in height, as at 8, andY formed relatively broad, as at 9. Vithin thisvforwardpo-rtion of thel casing, thereisprovided aretort space 10, communieating with a ina-in oil feed pipe 11, by means of a branch pipe 12. The retort is provided with an outlet pipe 13, communicating with' avalveV casing 14, arranged atvthe rear of the combustion chamber. As shown, the valve casingis provided with a nozzle 15, having a needle valve 16' arranged therein, and con# l' trolled by a suitable valve handle 17. The

Vlineot' the flame'projectingfrom the burner Y is indicated in Figure 3 ofthe drawings by l transverse members v 19.

, aggregates are arranged to provide a substantially 'Vshaped space 23 ad]acent each In operation, theiuel to be livered to the retort 10 through pipes 11 andV burner which is substantially 'free oi" aggregates. As shown, a few aggregates 24 may be scattered in this space. Y y

burned is de- 12. The provision of a retort arranged entirely at the front of the combustion chainber forwardly of the point where the flame strikes the walls ofV the combustion chamber, insures a teinperature'within the retort suiiiciently high to properly vaporize the oil. This provides a fuel which will burn properly without deposition 'of carbon.

, The elimination of a vaporizing chamber eX- tending rearwardly into the cooler part of the combustion chamber also reduces the deposition of carbon, Vin that the walls 7 ofthe combustion chamber rearwardly of the vaporizing space are maintained subV- stantially cool'. The provision of a vapor-y izing chamber having a relatively uniform temperature further eliminates variationsz in pressure due to improper vaporization when the retort extends rearwardly into the cooler portion of the combustion chamber.

Y By employing a preheater having its side walls and'bottom entirely closed, a casting tov be heated or other object is placed on the Y grids 6 Vforming fthe top, and covered. )It

the casting is not'suiiiciently large to cover the entire preheater, the grids surrounding the casting may also covered with plates ofmetal, or other suitable material.V This 'eliminates introduc'tionof air into the preheater casing exceptthrcugh lthe openings at the rear of the'burners, and produces a high temperature flame which maybe directed entirely across-the preheaterl'casing, thus avoiding the necessity ,of employing a mass of mineral aggregates, or similar materials, entirely filling the casing Vto equalize the heat within the preheater casine.' Y A PThe flame from the burner spreads sub stantially in a cone and strikes the aggregates arranged at the edge ofthevV-shaped space 23'at an angie. The'aggregates being disposed below the plane of the burner, that portion of the llame which passes downwardly, is deflected toward Vtlie'top or'v the casing and an equal distributienet heat is obtained. i'

Referring to Figure 2 of the drawings,

-it will be noted that the' burner casing pro` jects inwardly into the preheater casing to a point beyond the rear of the retort space 10. Thus the outer wall of 'the retort vwill be heated to the temperature existing with- `in 'the 4preheater casing and rfurther assist in tlieproper vaporization ofthe fuel.

It is to be understood' that theVA form of my inventionherewithY shown` an'di'describedis to be taken as a preferred example of tlie"same, a`nd'that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts Vmay be resorted to 'without departing from the. spirit of the invention ortlie scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described y my invention, I claim: Y 1. A preheaterV havingV avv closed bottoni, closed sides, andan open top",V burners projecting tliroughoneY oitithe walls thereoa layer `of refractory aggregates arranged within said preheater, andY means for supporting an article to be'heated on theytop of said prehea-ter'.. 'Y

` 2. A preheater having aclosed'bott'om,

closed sidesfand an open top, burners projecting through Vone of the walls thereof, a layer of ,refractory aggregates arranged therein, saidaggregates being arranged to providea substantially V-haped space ad# jacent each burner which is substantially free of aggregates. and means for support ing an articletovbe heated on the top of said preheater.

In testimony whereof I affix my signa-4.

`turein`presence` of two witnesses.'

'ROBERT WALTON WIEDERWAX. Vvlitnesses p Trino. XV. WAnRnN'roN,

ARTHUR W. Lurns.-l 

